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ManagingPackages

On Debian systems using apt:
To install a package:

sudo apt install package

where sudo is necessary to get the permissions, and package is the package to be installed.

To list all installed packages (useful to grep and compare between computers):

apt list --installed

To search for content of a package:

apt-cache search content

To search for a keyword within all available packages:

apt search keyword

You can also use the rather arcane following piped command to list all installed packages sorted by size, to find (and possibly remove) the largest installed packages you don't need:

dpkg-query -Wf '${Installed-Size}\t${Status;1}\t${Package}\n' \
  | awk '$2!="d" {printf "%8d\t%s\n",$1,$3}' | sort -n